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Mark Sittich von Hohenems Altemps
:''Not to be confused with his nephew Mark Sittich von Hohenems (1574–1619), Archbishop of Salzburg 1612–19.''
Mark Sittich von Hohenems Altemps (1533–1595) was a German Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal. The addition of ''Altemps'' to the family name reflects ''Alt-Ems'' (or ''Alt-Embs'') itself deriving from "Alta Embs" (Latin for "altus" = high), like the modern name Hohenems (High Ems in German).
==Early years, 1533-60==
Mark Sittich von Hohenems was born in Hohenems in 1533, the son of Wolf Ludwig von Hohenems and Chiara de' Medici (daughter of Bernardino de'Medici and Cecilia Serbelloni), a distant relative (or none at all) of the Florentine House of Medici.〔 (Entry from Biographical Dictionary of the Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church )〕 〔George L. Williams, Papal Genealogy: The Families And Descendants Of The Popes (Jefferson, N.C. : McFarland, 2004), p. 75〕 His mother was the sister of Giovanni Angelo Medici (Pope Pius IV). Her sister, Margherita, married Gilberto Borromeo, Conte d' Arona. He was the cousin of Cardinals Giovanni Antonio Serbelloni and Charles Borromeo.〔 He was the uncle of Wolf Dietrich Raitenau (Wolfgang Theoderic) 〔Judas Thaddeus Zauner, ''Neue Chronik von Salzburg'' Part VII (Salzburg 1813), 1-247. G. Gulik and C. Eubel, ''Hierarchia catholica'' III edition altera (curavit L. Schmitz-Kallenberg) (Monsterii 1923) p. 291.〕 and Mark Sittich von Hohenems,〔Judas Thaddeus Zauner, ''Neue Chronik von Salzburg'' Part VIII (Salzburg 1816), 1-104. P. Gauchet, ''Hierarchia catholica'' IV (Monasterii 1935), p. 302.〕 who were both Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg, in 1587-1612 and 1612–1619 respectively.
Nothing is known of any formal education he might have received. As a young man, he fought in the Italian War of 1551–1559 under the command of his uncle Giangiacopo de' Medici, one of the last of the Renaissance condottieri.〔 He also fought against the Ottoman Empire.〔 In 1552 he participated in Charles V's efforts to win Metz back from France, and in 1554/55 he was present at the siege of Siena and repulsed an Ottoman attack on the Tuscan port of Piombino. He became a Knight of the Order of Santiago.〔 He had a natural son, Roberto, whom he later legitimized. 〔 〔A Genoese woman, according to Lorenzo Cardella, ''Memorie de' Cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa'' V (Roma 1793), p. 41. From him and Cornelia Orsini (married 1576) descend the Barons of Hohenems and Dukes of Gallese. Cornelia Orsini was the daughter of Virginio Orsini, first Duke of San Gemini and Giovanna Caetani, daughter of Bonifacio, fourth Duke of Sermoneta.〕
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